Horizontal polarization and vertical polarization are two different polarization modes of electromagnetic waves. Their differences and characteristics are as follows:

Differences:

1) Horizontal Polarization: The direction of the electric field intensity is parallel to the ground, and the electric field vector oscillates in the horizontal direction.

2) Vertical Polarization: The direction of the electric field intensity is perpendicular to the ground, and the electric field vector oscillates in the vertical direction.

Characteristics:

Horizontal Polarization:

1) Strong resistance to interference

2) Minimal impact from ground reflections

3) Higher difficulty in signal reception

Vertical Polarization:

1) Easier reception

2) Suitable for mobile reception

3) Stronger ability to penetrate buildings

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